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Disease Profile

Seckel syndrome

Prevalence
Prevalence estimates on Rare Medical Network websites are calculated based on data available from numerous sources, including US and European government statistics, the NIH, Orphanet, and published epidemiologic studies. Rare disease population data is recognized to be highly variable, and based on a wide variety of source data and methodologies, so the prevalence data on this site should be assumed to be estimated and cannot be considered to be absolutely correct.

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US Estimated

Europe Estimated

Age of onset

Antenatal

ICD-10

Q87.1

Inheritance

Autosomal dominant A pathogenic variant in only one gene copy in each cell is sufficient to cause an autosomal dominant disease.

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Autosomal recessive Pathogenic variants in both copies of each gene of the chromosome are needed to cause an autosomal recessive disease and observe the mutant phenotype.

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X-linked
dominant X-linked dominant inheritance, sometimes referred to as X-linked dominance, is a mode of genetic inheritance by which a dominant gene is carried on the X chromosome.

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X-linked
recessive Pathogenic variants in both copies of a gene on the X chromosome cause an X-linked recessive disorder.

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Mitochondrial or multigenic Mitochondrial genetic disorders can be caused by changes (mutations) in either the mitochondrial DNA or nuclear DNA that lead to dysfunction of the mitochondria and inadequate production of energy.

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Multigenic or multifactor Inheritance involving many factors, of which at least one is genetic but none is of overwhelming importance, as in the causation of a disease by multiple genetic and environmental factors.

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Not applicable

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Other names (AKA)

SCKL; Nanocephalic dwarfism; Seckel-type dwarfism;

Categories

Congenital and Genetic Diseases; Musculoskeletal Diseases; Nervous System Diseases

Summary

Seckel syndrome is a genetic disorder characterized by growth retardation, very small head (microcephaly( with intellectual disability , and unique facial features such as large eyes, beak-like nose, narrow face, and receding lower jaw.[1] About less than 25% of the patients also have blood abnormalities.[2] Seckel syndrome is inherited in an autosomal recessive fashion. The condition may be divided in 8 different subtypes, according to the specific gene alteration (mutation ). Treatment is supportive.[1][3][4]

Symptoms

This table lists symptoms that people with this disease may have. For most diseases, symptoms will vary from person to person. People with the same disease may not have all the symptoms listed. This information comes from a database called the Human Phenotype Ontology (HPO) . The HPO collects information on symptoms that have been described in medical resources. The HPO is updated regularly. Use the HPO ID to access more in-depth information about a symptom.

Medical Terms Other Names
Learn More:
HPO ID
80%-99% of people have these symptoms
Cachexia
Wasting syndrome
0004326
Clinodactyly of the 5th finger
Permanent curving of the pinkie finger
0004209
Cognitive impairment
Abnormality of cognition
Cognitive abnormality
Cognitive defects
Cognitive deficits
Intellectual impairment
Mental impairment

[ more ]

0100543
Convex nasal ridge
Beaked nose
Beaklike protrusion
Hooked nose
Polly beak nasal deformity

[ more ]

0000444
Craniosynostosis
0001363
Delayed skeletal maturation
Delayed bone maturation
Delayed skeletal development

[ more ]

0002750
Intellectual disability
Mental deficiency
Mental retardation
Mental retardation, nonspecific
Mental-retardation

[ more ]

0001249
Intrauterine growth retardation
Prenatal growth deficiency
Prenatal growth retardation

[ more ]

0001511
Microcephaly
Abnormally small skull
Decreased circumference of cranium
Decreased size of skull
Reduced head circumference
Small head circumference

[ more ]

0000252
Micrognathia
Little lower jaw
Small jaw
Small lower jaw

[ more ]

0000347
Mild global developmental delay
0011342
Narrow face
Decreased breadth of face
Decreased width of face

[ more ]

0000275
Prematurely aged appearance
Precociously senile appearance
0007495
Sandal gap
Gap between 1st and 2nd toes
Gap between first and second toe
Increased space between first and second toes
Sandal gap between first and second toes
Wide space between 1st, 2nd toes
Wide space between first and second toes
Wide-spaced big toe
Widely spaced 1st-2nd toes
Widely spaced first and second toes
Widened gap 1st-2nd toes
Widened gap first and second toe

[ more ]

0001852
Short stature
Decreased body height
Small stature

[ more ]

0004322
30%-79% of people have these symptoms
Abnormality of dental enamel
Abnormal tooth enamel
Enamel abnormalities
Enamel abnormality

[ more ]

0000682
Absent earlobe
Earlobe, absent
Lobeless ears

[ more ]

0000387
Cone-shaped epiphysis
Cone-shaped end part of bone
0010579
Downslanted palpebral fissures
Downward slanting of the opening between the eyelids
0000494
Glaucoma
0000501
Hip dysplasia
0001385
Joint hyperflexibility
Joints move beyond expected range of motion
0005692
Reduced number of teeth
Decreased tooth count
0009804
Sparse scalp hair
Reduced/lack of hair on scalp
Scalp hair, thinning
Sparse, thin scalp hair
sparse-absent scalp hair

[ more ]

0002209
5%-29% of people have these symptoms
Ectopic kidney
Abnormal kidney location
Displaced kidney

[ more ]

0000086
Scoliosis
0002650
1%-4% of people have these symptoms
High pitched voice
0001620
Percent of people who have these symptoms is not available through HPO
11 pairs of ribs
0000878
Abnormal finger flexion creases
0006143
Abnormality of the pinna
Abnormally shaped ears
Auricular malformation
Deformed ears
Malformed ears

[ more ]

0000377
Abnormally large globe
Increased size of eyes
Large eyes

[ more ]

0001090
Autosomal recessive inheritance
0000007
Blepharophimosis
Narrow opening between the eyelids
0000581
Cerebellar hypoplasia
Small cerebellum
Underdeveloped cerebellum

[ more ]

0001321
Cerebellar vermis hypoplasia
0001320
Cleft palate
Cleft roof of mouth
0000175
Clitoral hypertrophy
Enlarged clitoris
0008665
Cone-shaped epiphyses of the phalanges of the hand
Cone-shaped end part of finger bones
0010230
Cryptorchidism
Undescended testes
Undescended testis

[ more ]

0000028
Dental crowding
Crowded teeth
Dental overcrowding
Overcrowding of teeth

[ more ]

0000678
Dental malocclusion
Bad bite
Malalignment of upper and lower dental arches
Misalignment of upper and lower dental arches

[ more ]

0000689
Dislocated radial head
0003083
Elbow flexion contracture
Contractures of elbows
Elbow contracture
Elbow contractures

[ more ]

0002987
Facial asymmetry
Asymmetry of face
Crooked face
Unsymmetrical face

[ more ]

0000324
Few cafe-au-lait spots
0007429
Growth delay
Delayed growth
Growth deficiency
Growth failure
Growth retardation
Poor growth
Retarded growth

[ more ]

0001510
Heart murmur
Heart murmurs
0030148
High palate
Elevated palate
Increased palatal height

[ more ]

0000218
Hip dislocation
Dislocated hips
Dislocation of hip

[ more ]

0002827
Hyperactivity
More active than typical
0000752
Hypoplasia of dental enamel
Underdeveloped t

Diagnosis

Making a diagnosis for a genetic or rare disease can often be challenging. Healthcare professionals typically look at a person’s medical history, symptoms, physical exam, and laboratory test results in order to make a diagnosis. The following resources provide information relating to diagnosis and testing for this condition. If you have questions about getting a diagnosis, you should contact a healthcare professional.

Testing Resources

  • The Genetic Testing Registry (GTR) provides information about the genetic tests for this condition. The intended audience for the GTR is health care providers and researchers. Patients and consumers with specific questions about a genetic test should contact a health care provider or a genetics professional.

    Organizations

    Support and advocacy groups can help you connect with other patients and families, and they can provide valuable services. Many develop patient-centered information and are the driving force behind research for better treatments and possible cures. They can direct you to research, resources, and services. Many organizations also have experts who serve as medical advisors or provide lists of doctors/clinics. Visit the group’s website or contact them to learn about the services they offer. Inclusion on this list is not an endorsement by GARD.

    Organizations Supporting this Disease

      Learn more

      These resources provide more information about this condition or associated symptoms. The in-depth resources contain medical and scientific language that may be hard to understand. You may want to review these resources with a medical professional.

      Where to Start

      • The National Organization for Rare Disorders (NORD) has a report for patients and families about this condition. NORD is a patient advocacy organization for individuals with rare diseases and the organizations that serve them.

        In-Depth Information

        • The Monarch Initiative brings together data about this condition from humans and other species to help physicians and biomedical researchers. Monarch’s tools are designed to make it easier to compare the signs and symptoms (phenotypes) of different diseases and discover common features. This initiative is a collaboration between several academic institutions across the world and is funded by the National Institutes of Health. Visit the website to explore the biology of this condition.
        • Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man (OMIM) is a catalog of human genes and genetic disorders. Each entry has a summary of related medical articles. It is meant for health care professionals and researchers. OMIM is maintained by Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine. 
          Seckel syndrome type 1
          Seckel syndrome type 2
          Seckel syndrome type 3
        • Orphanet is a European reference portal for information on rare diseases and orphan drugs. Access to this database is free of charge.
        • PubMed is a searchable database of medical literature and lists journal articles that discuss Seckel syndrome. Click on the link to view a sample search on this topic.

          References

          1. Seckel Syndrome 1. Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man. 2015; https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/dispomim.cgi?id=210600. Accessed 11/9/2015.
          2. Seckel syndrome. Orphanet. April 2005; https://www.orpha.net/consor/cgi-bin/OC_Exp.php?lng=EN&Expert=808. Accessed 11/9/2015.
          3. Verloes A, Drunat S, Gressens P& Passemard S.. Primary Autosomal Recessive Microcephalies and Seckel Syndrome Spectrum Disorders. GeneReviews. October 31, 2013; https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20301772. Accessed 11/9/2015.
          4. Yigit G & cols. Mutations in CDK5RAP2 cause Seckel syndrome.. Mol Genet Genomic Med. September, 2015; 3(5):467-80. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26436113. Accessed 11/9/2015.

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