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Disease Profile

Grubben de Cock Borghgraef syndrome

Prevalence
Prevalence estimates on Rare Medical Network websites are calculated based on data available from numerous sources, including US and European government statistics, the NIH, Orphanet, and published epidemiologic studies. Rare disease population data is recognized to be highly variable, and based on a wide variety of source data and methodologies, so the prevalence data on this site should be assumed to be estimated and cannot be considered to be absolutely correct.

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US Estimated

Europe Estimated

Age of onset

Antenatal

ICD-10

Q87.8

Inheritance

Autosomal dominant A pathogenic variant in only one gene copy in each cell is sufficient to cause an autosomal dominant disease.

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Autosomal recessive Pathogenic variants in both copies of each gene of the chromosome are needed to cause an autosomal recessive disease and observe the mutant phenotype.

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X-linked
dominant X-linked dominant inheritance, sometimes referred to as X-linked dominance, is a mode of genetic inheritance by which a dominant gene is carried on the X chromosome.

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X-linked
recessive Pathogenic variants in both copies of a gene on the X chromosome cause an X-linked recessive disorder.

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Mitochondrial or multigenic Mitochondrial genetic disorders can be caused by changes (mutations) in either the mitochondrial DNA or nuclear DNA that lead to dysfunction of the mitochondria and inadequate production of energy.

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Multigenic or multifactor Inheritance involving many factors, of which at least one is genetic but none is of overwhelming importance, as in the causation of a disease by multiple genetic and environmental factors.

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Not applicable

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Other names (AKA)

Severe growth retardation, developmental delay with hypotonia, hypotrophy of the distal extremities, dental anomalies, and eczematous skin; Growth retardation, small and puffy hands and feet, and eczema; Developmental delay hypotonia extremities hypertrophy

Categories

Congenital and Genetic Diseases; Nervous System Diseases

Summary

The following summary is from Orphanet, a European reference portal for information on rare diseases and orphan drugs.
orphanet

Orpha Number: 2101

Definition
Grubben-de Cock-Borghgraef syndrome is a rare intellectual disability syndrome characterized by preand postnatal growth deficiency, generalized muscular hypotonia, developmental delay (particularly of speech and language), hypotrophy of distal extremities, small and puffy hands and feet, eczematous skin and dental anomalies (i.e. small, widely-spaced teeth). Partial agenesis of the corpus callosum and a selective immunoglobulin IgG2 subclass deficiency have also been reported in some patients.

Visit the Orphanet disease page for more resources.

Symptoms

This table lists symptoms that people with this disease may have. For most diseases, symptoms will vary from person to person. People with the same disease may not have all the symptoms listed. This information comes from a database called the Human Phenotype Ontology (HPO) . The HPO collects information on symptoms that have been described in medical resources. The HPO is updated regularly. Use the HPO ID to access more in-depth information about a symptom.

Medical Terms Other Names
Learn More:
HPO ID
80%-99% of people have these symptoms
Abnormality of eye movement
Abnormal eye movement
Abnormal eye movements
Eye movement abnormalities
Eye movement issue

[ more ]

0000496
Abnormality of the dentition
Abnormal dentition
Abnormal teeth
Dental abnormality

[ more ]

0000164
Blue sclerae
Whites of eyes are a bluish-gray color
0000592
Delayed speech and language development
Deficiency of speech development
Delayed language development
Delayed speech
Delayed speech acquisition
Delayed speech development
Impaired speech and language development
Impaired speech development
Language delay
Language delayed
Language development deficit
Late-onset speech development
Poor language development
Speech and language delay
Speech and language difficulties
Speech delay

[ more ]

0000750
Deviation of finger
Atypical position of finger
Finger pointing in a different direction than usual

[ more ]

0004097
Dry skin
0000958
Eczema
0000964
Global developmental delay
0001263
Muscular hypotonia
Low or weak muscle tone
0001252
Partial agenesis of the corpus callosum
0001338
Reduced tendon reflexes
0001315
Round face
Circular face
Round facial appearance
Round facial shape

[ more ]

0000311
Seizure
0001250
Short neck
Decreased length of neck
0000470
Small hand
Disproportionately small hands
0200055
Percent of people who have these symptoms is not available through HPO
Autosomal recessive inheritance
0000007
Generalized hypotonia
Decreased muscle tone
Low muscle tone

[ more ]

0001290
Intrauterine growth retardation
Prenatal growth deficiency
Prenatal growth retardation

[ more ]

0001511
Microdontia
Decreased width of tooth
0000691
Postnatal growth retardation
Growth delay as children
0008897
Psychomotor retardation
0025356
Widely spaced teeth
Wide-spaced teeth
Widely-spaced teeth

[ more ]

0000687

Learn more

These resources provide more information about this condition or associated symptoms. The in-depth resources contain medical and scientific language that may be hard to understand. You may want to review these resources with a medical professional.

In-Depth Information

  • The Monarch Initiative brings together data about this condition from humans and other species to help physicians and biomedical researchers. Monarch’s tools are designed to make it easier to compare the signs and symptoms (phenotypes) of different diseases and discover common features. This initiative is a collaboration between several academic institutions across the world and is funded by the National Institutes of Health. Visit the website to explore the biology of this condition.
  • Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man (OMIM) is a catalog of human genes and genetic disorders. Each entry has a summary of related medical articles. It is meant for health care professionals and researchers. OMIM is maintained by Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine. 
  • Orphanet is a European reference portal for information on rare diseases and orphan drugs. Access to this database is free of charge.
  • PubMed is a searchable database of medical literature and lists journal articles that discuss Grubben de Cock Borghgraef syndrome. Click on the link to view a sample search on this topic.